• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an inverted T-shaped airfoil adapted to be installed on a boat, which carrying wing comprises: - a strut, - a support plane attached to the strut and whose inclination is adjustable, characterized in that: - a housing (100) is arranged in the strut, - a sensor system (30, 31, 32) is installed on the outer wall of the strut (1) and / or in the housing (100), which sensor system is adapted to determine at least one movement of the airfoil, - the housing (100) of the strut integrates: ○ an actuator (4) adapted to adjust the inclination of the carrying plane, ○ a control unit (5) adapted to control the actuator and varying the inclination of the carrier plane according to the movement of the airfoil determined by the sensor system (30, 31, 32), - the electronic control unit (5) and / or the actuator (4) and / or the AC system ptors (30, 31, 32) are electrically operated, their power supply being provided by a hydroelectric turbine (6) installed in the airfoil.
    公开号:FR3043644A1
    申请号:FR1560951
    申请日:2015-11-16
    公开日:2017-05-19
    发明作者:Francois Hardy；Pierre Thery
    申请人:XAP；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    INVERSE T-SHAPED WING FIT SUITABLE TO BE INSTALLED ON A BOAT
    Description
    Technical Field of the Invention The invention relates to a load-bearing wing (or hydrofoil), a boat equipped with such a load-bearing wing, and a manufacturing method of this load-bearing wing.
    It relates to the general technical field of ships or floating craft pulling additional lift hydrodynamic forces, via a supporting wing, or hydrofoil. It relates more particularly to the technical field of immersed load-bearing wings having an inverted T-shape. State of the art
    The contact surface between the hull of a boat and the water is directly related to the mass of the boat and its speed. The bigger it is, the more the drag induced by the friction of the water slows the movement of the boat.
    There are therefore lift devices designed to create a positive vertical lift causing the boat to rise above the water level. The water / hull contact surface, thus the drag, is then reduced, thereby increasing the boat's performance.
    These lift devices are commonly called hydrofoils. These are load-bearing wings composed of a submerged carrier plane. As the speed of the boat increases, the lift force generated by the flow of water on the carrier plane also increases: the boat rises.
    There is a significant risk that the hydrofoil will reach the water / air limit, and that it will stop working properly. In this case there is a sudden drop in the lift force. The boat plunges back into the water and loses speed. In addition, when the boat rises above the water in a moderate to strong sea, the hydrofoil is also likely to exceed the water / air limit, the boat may then lose stability.
    It is understood that it is advantageous to associate the hydrofoils stabilization devices that can control their elevation height and / or that can stabilize the boat when sailing.
    For this, hydrofoils are known in the form of inverted T whose inclination of the carrier plane is adjustable. Generally, an actuator makes it possible to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane, and therefore the bearing force. A system of sensors determines at least one movement of the boat when the latter is sailing (eg height relative to sea level, pitch, roll, yaw). The stabilizing device is adapted to control the actuator and vary the inclination of the carrier plane depending on the movement of the boat determined by the sensor system.
    Patent FR 1.373.041 (UNITED AIRCRAFT CORPORATION) discloses an automatic stabilization device associated with a hydrofoil provided with movable fins. Several sensors make it possible to determine the movements of the boat in several directions. A control unit actuates the movable fins according to the movements of the boat, in order to stabilize it. Such a stabilization device requires to be powered electrically by an external battery installed in the boat. It is therefore necessary to provide an electrical connection between the hydrofoil and this remote battery. In addition, the generator capable of supplying power to this battery is also deported. This requires the use of a material of large size, not suitable for use on a light sport boat, catamaran for example.
    In patent document FR 2,587,967 (LE COZANNET), the hydrofoil is secured to an articulated arm connected to a stabilizing device. The latter is adapted to automatically adjust the immersion height of the airfoil by adjusting its inclination. The stabilizing device consists of a circuit using the hydrodynamic pressure. This circuit comprises essentially at least one water intake cooperating with a jack whose piston is connected to the articulated arm to rotate it and change the angle of incidence of the airfoil by this pivoting movement of the articulated arm . The use of the articulated arm and the jack makes the design and assembly of the stabilization device particularly complex. In addition, this material is bulky and again, poorly suited for use on a light craft. The invention aims to remedy this state of affairs. In particular, an object of the invention is to simplify the assembly and installation of the hydrofoil on a boat.
    Another object of the invention is to reduce the size of the stabilization device.
    Yet another object of the invention is to provide a hydrofoil that can be easily and quickly installed on any type of boat and in particular a light sport boat.
    A further object of the invention is to provide a hydrofoil system that improves the performance of the boat on which the hydrofoils are installed.
    Disclosure of the invention.
    The solution proposed by the invention is an inverted T-shaped airfoil (or hydrofoil) adapted to be installed on a boat, which carrying wing comprises: - a strut; - And a carrier plane attached to the strut and whose inclination is adjustable.
    This load-bearing wing is remarkable in that: - a housing is arranged in the strut, - a sensor system is installed on the outer wall of the strut and / or in the housing, which sensor system is adapted for to determine at least one movement of the airfoil, - the housing of the strut incorporates: o an actuator adapted to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane, o an electronic control unit adapted to control the actuator and vary the inclination of the carrier plane according to the movement of the airfoil determined by the sensor system, the electronic control unit and / or the actuator and / or the sensor system are electrically operated, their power supply being provided by a hydroelectric turbine installed in the load-bearing wing. The hydrofoil now incorporates an autonomous stabilization device for controlling the inclination of the carrier plane. In particular, the hydroelectric turbine makes it possible to produce the electricity necessary for the autonomous operation of the hydrofoil. Therefore, to install the latter on the boat, only a mechanical connection is necessary, without it being necessary to provide any electrical connection between said hydrofoil and said boat. In addition, no additional bulky equipment must be installed on the boat for the operation of the hydrofoil. The latter can be installed on any type of boat to improve performance, including being installed on a light sport boat. Other advantageous characteristics of the airfoil are listed below. Each of these characteristics may be considered alone or in combination with the remarkable characteristics defined above, and may be the subject, where applicable, of one or more divisional patent applications: - The hydroelectric turbine is preferably housed in a dwelling arranged at the intersection of the strut and the carrier plane. Advantageously, the hydroelectric turbine feeds an electric battery, which battery is installed in the housing of the strut. The electronic control unit is connected on the one hand to the sensor system and on the other hand to the actuator, which control unit is adapted to: determine an inclination value of the carrier plane in response to the reception; signals emitted by the sensor system, o generate a control instruction corresponding to the determined inclination value, o transmit this control instruction to the actuator to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane to the determined inclination value. - The carrier plane may comprise a fixed bearing section which is integral with the strut and a trailing edge having two fins with adjustable inclination, which fins are rotatably mounted on said support section; in this case, the actuator is coupled to each of the fins so as to independently vary their respective inclination; the sensor system is adapted to determine the rolling motion of the airfoil; and the control unit is adapted to: determine an inclination value of each fin in response to the reception of the signals emitted by the sensor system, generate control instructions corresponding to the determined inclination values, transmit these control instructions to the actuator to adjust the inclination of each fin to the tilt value respectively determined and obtain an asymmetrical curvature of the carrier plane. - The carrier plane may comprise a fixed carrier section secured to the strut and at least one adjustable inclination trailing edge flap, which fin is rotatably mounted on the carrier section, the actuator being coupled to said fin so that to vary its inclination. - The sensor system advantageously comprises one or more of the following sensors: a water height sensor adapted to determine the immersion depth of the strut; an inertial unit comprising two vertical gyroscopes adapted to determine the pitch and roll angles of the airfoil and / or a horizontal gyroscope adapted to determine the yaw angle of said wing and / or a triaxial accelerometer adapted to measure the acceleration of said wing induced by pitching and rolling of said wing; a GPS adapted to measure the speed of movement of the airfoil. Preferably, the housing of the strut integrates a wireless transmission / reception module adapted to transmit and receive signals.
    Another aspect of the invention relates to a boat comprising: - at least one inverted T-shaped submerged airfoil, which carrying flange comprises: o a strut attached to the boat, o a carrier plane attached to the strut and whose inclination is adjustable, - a system of sensors for determining at least one movement of the boat when the latter is sailing, - an actuator adapted to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane, - a stabilization device adapted to control the actuator and varying the inclination of the carrier plane according to the movement of the boat determined by the sensor system.
    This boat is remarkable in that the airfoil complies with any of the above characteristics, so that: - the sensor system is installed on the outer wall of the strut and / or in the housing, - the stabilizing device is in the form of an electronic control unit, the strut housing integrating the actuator and said control unit, the electronic control unit and / or the actuator and / or the system of sensors are electrically operated, their power supply being provided by a hydroelectric turbine installed in the airfoil. Other advantageous characteristics of the boat are listed below. Each of these characteristics may be considered alone or in combination with the remarkable features defined above, and may be the subject, where appropriate, of one or more divisional patent applications: Advantageously, the boat comprises at least two wings according to the invention: a load-bearing wing is installed on the boat so as to form a fin; and another supporting wing is installed on the boat so as to form a saffron. - Each airfoil preferably incorporates a wireless transmission / reception module adapted to transmit and receive signals, so that the two wings are adapted to communicate with each other via a wireless link. Advantageously, the electronic control unit of a first airfoil is connected to the transmission / reception module of said first airfoil, which control unit is adapted to: determine an inclination value of the carrier plane of the first airfoil in response to the reception of the signals emitted by the sensor system of said first airfoil, o generate a control instruction corresponding to the determined tilt value, o transmit this control instruction to the transmission / reception module of the second supporting wing. The electronic control unit of the second airfoil is connected to the transmission / reception module of said second airfoil, said control unit being adapted to: determine an inclination value of the carrier plane of the second airfoil taking into account the command instruction received by the transmitting / receiving module of said second airfoil, o generating a new command instruction corresponding to the determined tilt value, o transmitting this new command instruction to the actuator of the second airfoil to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane of said second airfoil. - The electronic control unit of the second airfoil can be adapted to determine the inclination value of the carrier plane of said second airfoil taking into account not only the control instruction received by the transmitting / receiving module of said second airfoil, but also the signals emitted by the sensor system of said second airfoil. - The boat may comprise at least one strut supporting a sail and several hulls, each hull being associated with a supporting wing forming a drift and another supporting wing forming saffron.
    Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing an inverted T-shaped airfoil, which airfoil comprises a strut to which is attached a carrier plane whose inclination is adjustable. This method comprises the following steps: - arranging a housing in the strut, - installing a sensor system on the outer wall of the strut and / or in its housing, which sensor system is adapted to determine at least one movement of the supporting wing, - installing a hydroelectric turbine in the airfoil, - installing in the strut housing an actuator adapted to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane and an electronic control unit adapted to control said actuator and varying the inclination of said carrier plane according to the movement of the airfoil determined by the sensor system, said control unit and / or said actuator and / or said sensor system being electrically operated, - electrically connecting the electronic control unit and / or the actuator and / or the sensor system to the hydroelectric turbine.
    Description of the figures. Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better on reading the description of a preferred embodiment which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, made by way of indicative and non-limiting examples and in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view, from the front face, of a load-bearing wing according to the invention, - FIG. 2 is a perspective view, from the rear face, of a load-bearing wing according to the invention. FIG. 3 is a front view of the load-bearing wing of FIGS. 1 and 2; FIG. 4 is a view from above of the load-bearing wing of FIGS. 1 and 2; FIG. 5 shows a partial longitudinal section; of the strut of a load-bearing wing according to the invention, - Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the detail D of Figure 2, - Figure 7 is a perspective view of a boat according to the invention. - Figure 8 is a perspective view from below the boat FIG. 9 is a perspective view, from the rear face, of the boat of FIGS. 7 and 8, showing in detail the installation of the hydrofoils.
    Preferred embodiments of the invention
    In the following description, the term "hydrofoil" is a strict synonym for the term "airfoil" used in the claims.
    Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the hydrofoil object of the invention has an inverted T-shape.
    It comprises a strut 1 having an upper end adapted to be attached to the hull of a boat or an element thereof; and a lower end 11 opposite to said upper end.
    The leg 1 has a hydrodynamic profile adapted to limit drag. It has a leading edge 12 facing the water flow and a trailing trailing edge 13 which is thinned to reduce drag. In Figure 4, the leg 1 has a lenticular or rhombic section, this type of section giving good results in terms of performance and drag reduction. By way of illustrative example, the leg 1 may have a length of between 50 cm and 2 m, a width of between 10 cm and 50 cm and a thickness of between 10 cm and 30 cm.
    A carrier plane 2 is attached to the leg 1, at its lower end 11. Advantageously, the carrier plane 2 is disposed perpendicular to the leg 1 and is symmetrical relative to said leg. The leg 1 and the carrier plane 2 are arranged to form an inverted T, the carrier plane 2 forming the T bar. During the displacement of the boat, the carrier plane 2 transmits the lift force to the leg 1, which leg postpone this force on the boat, causing it to rise.
    As for the leg 1, the carrier plane 2 has a hydrodynamic profile adapted to limit drag. It has a fluid-facing leading edge 22 and a trailing trailing edge 23 whose thin configuration reduces drag. The carrier plane 2 has the same profile as the stabilizer plane of an aircraft tail. In Figures 1, 2 and 5, the carrier plane 2 has a symmetrical biconvex profile. By way of illustrative example, the carrier plane 2 may have a length of between 20 cm and 1.5 m, a width of between 10 cm and 50 cm and a thickness of between 10 cm and 30 cm.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the carrier plane 2 comprises a stationary bearing section 200 which is integral with the strut 1. The trailing edge 23 consists of at least one, preferably two fins with adjustable inclination so that the Overall inclination of the carrier plane 2 is adjustable.
    The fins 23 are mounted and rotatably mounted on the support section 200 around a horizontal axis 230. The fins 23 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the leg 1. By modifying the inclination of the fins 23, the curvature of the carrier plane 2 is modified, which, in use, when the boat moves, allows to vary the lift force. The use of two trailing edge fins 23 makes it possible to control the roll by adjusting an asymmetrical curvature of the carrier plane 2 (when said fins do not have the same inclination).
    The leg 1 and the support plane 2, in particular the support section 200, may be made of a plastic or composite material, of the type comprising glass fibers or carbon fibers impregnated with resins, possibly laminated around a core of soft material ( foam or wood). The leg 1 and the support plane 2 can also be made of stainless steel or aluminum.
    The preferred method of manufacture is molding, although machining can be envisaged, especially in the case where a material of the stainless steel or aluminum type is used. The fins 23 are preferably made of the same material as the support profile 200, but can be made of another material, more rigid or more flexible.
    Referring to Figure 5, a housing 100 is arranged in the leg 1. Inside this housing 100, are installed in particular sensors 31, 32, an actuator 4, a control unit 5, a battery 7 and a transmission / reception module 9, these elements being described further in the description.
    The housing 100 may extend over the entire length of the leg 1 and be in the form of a hollow structure forming said leg.
    It can also extend over only part of leg 1, in which case it forms a cavity. The housing 100 preferably has a circular section whose diameter varies from 5 cm to 15 cm and a length corresponding to that of the leg 1.
    The housing 100 is preferably shaped during the molding of the leg 1. It may, however, be obtained a posteriori, for example by machining, after molding of the leg 1.
    The housing 100 may open at the upper end 10, so as to easily insert the various elements described above in the description. The upper end 10 can then be sealed by a suitable closure member 110, which element is held in place by gluing, welding, screwing, etc. The end 10 can also be directly closed by the hull of the boat on which the hydrofoil H is installed.
    A sensor system is installed on the outer wall of the leg 1 and / or in the housing 100. This sensor system is adapted to determine at least one movement of the boat when the latter sails, and incidentally at least one movement of the Hydrofoil H.
    In FIG. 5, the sensor system comprises one or more of the following sensors: a water level sensor 30 adapted to determine the depth of immersion of the leg 1. This sensor 30 is for example in the form of an ultrasonic sensor or a capacitive wire installed along the leg 1, on its outer wall, at the leading edge 12. For example, it is possible to use a capacitive wire marketed by the company MILONE TECHNOLOGIES INC under the serial reference "eTape sensor"; an inertial unit 31 adapted to anticipate movements, accelerations or braking of the boat. This unit 31 is installed in the housing 100 and comprises: two vertical gyroscopes adapted to determine the pitch and roll angles of the boat or hydrofoil H; and / or a horizontal gyroscope adapted to determine the yaw angle of the boat or hydrofoil H; and / or a tri-axial accelerometer comprising three accelerometers perpendicular to each other and which are adapted to measure the acceleration of the boat or hydrofoil H induced by the pitch and roll of said boat or hydrofoil H. example use an inertial unit marketed by the company ST under the reference LSM6DS3. a GPS 32 adapted to measure the speed of movement of the boat or hydrofoil H. This GPS is installed in the housing 100 and can be integrated directly into the inertial unit 31 above.
    In FIG. 5, the housing 100 also incorporates an actuator 4 adapted to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane 2.
    In the accompanying figures, the actuator 4 is coupled to the trailing edge fins 23 so as to vary their inclination. This actuator 4 is in the form of one or more linear motors or vertical displacement electric cylinders housed in the housing 100. For example an electric motor sold by the company MOXON MOTOR under the reference maxon EC-4pole.
    In practice, there is provided a motor or a cylinder by aileron 23 so as to adjust independently their inclination. In particular, when two trailing edge fins 23 are used so as to be able to control roll in, it is advantageous to associate each of these fins with a motor or cylinder which is dedicated to it, the control of these engines or cylinders by the control unit 5 allowing an asymmetrical adjustment of the curvature of the carrier plane 2.
    As illustrated in Figure 6, the actuator 4 is coupled to rods 41 which are secured to the fins 23 via a pivot connection or a ball joint, so that the vertical movement of said rods causes rotation said fins around the axis 230.
    The housing 100 additionally integrates an electronic control unit 5 adapted to control the actuator 4 and vary the inclination of the carrier plane 2 according to the movement of the boat or the hydrofoil H, which movement is determined by the control system. aforementioned sensors. The control unit 5 is in the form of an electronic card including a processor or microprocessor and one or more memories in which are stored one or more computer programs whose instructions, when executed by said processor or said microprocessor, allow to implement the features described above in the description. All the components of the control unit 5 are electrically operated and are supplied with 12 V or 24 V. The control unit 5 is connected on the one hand to the sensor system 30, 31, 32 and 4. The programs integrated in the control unit 5 are adapted to: determine an inclination value of the carrier plane 2, and more particularly the fins 23, in response to the reception of the signals emitted by the sensors 30, 31, 32; in practice, the inclination value is determined by a calculation algorithm, for example of the type described in the aforementioned patent document FR 1,373,041; generating a command instruction corresponding to the determined inclination value; transmitting this control instruction to the actuator 4 to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane 2, and more particularly the fins 23, to the determined inclination value.
    For example, the control unit 5 may be programmed to maintain the immersion height of the hydrofoil at a predetermined reference value. The actual immersion height is determined by the sensor 30.
    When the boat begins to move, as long as the actual immersion height does not reach the reference value, the control unit 5 generates a control command to place the fins 23 in an inclined position for example of 5 ° at 20 ° downwards relative to the carrier section 200, which tends to increase the lift force to raise said boat. The speed of rise of the boat depends on the angle of inclination of the fins 23: the larger the angle, the faster the boat rises. As soon as the actual immersion height reaches the reference value, the control unit 5 generates a new control command to position the fins 23 in the same plane as the support section 200, so that the elevation height of the boat remains constant.
    If the actual immersion height exceeds the reference value, the control unit 5 generates another control instruction to place the fins 23 in a position inclined for example 5 ° to 20 ° upwards relative to the carrier profile 200, which tends to reduce the lift force and lower the boat. The speed of descent of the boat depends on the angle of inclination of the fins 23: the lower the angle, the more the boat descends slowly. The control unit 5 can also be programmed to adjust the roll by acting on the dissymmetry of the fins 23.
    When the boat leans to starboard, the control unit 5 generates a control command to place the fin 23 located to starboard in an inclined position for example 0 ° to 10 ° downwardly relative to the carrier section 200 and / or place the fin 23 located on the port side in an inclined position for example from 0 ° to 10 ° upwards with respect to said carrier section 200. In this configuration, the bearing force is increased starboard side of the bearing planes 2 and / or decreased port side, generating an anti-roll force which tends to put the boat back in an upright position.
    When the boat is tilted to port, it is the starboard wing 23 which is inclined upwards and / or the port wing fin 23 which is inclined downwards to generate the anti-roll force. The control unit 5 is also adapted to record in its memory all the navigation parameters sensed by the sensors 30, 31, 32.
    The housing 100 also incorporates a wireless transmission / reception module 9 adapted to transmit and receive signals. This module 9 is installed in the housing 100 at the same time as the other elements. It comprises a transmission module and a reception module and can be connected to the control unit 5 or be an integral part of it. In general, the unit 5 is adapted to transmit to the module 9 instructions for transmitting signals. It is also adapted to receive and process the signals received by the module 9.
    The signals transmitted / received can be radio frequency (RF) signals, Wifi signals, Bluetooth. For example, it is possible to use a resignation / reception module marketed by MURATA under the reference LBEH5HMZPC.
    As explained further in the description, the transmitted / received signals contain in particular control instructions for adjusting the inclination of the carrier plane 2, and more particularly the inclination of the fins 23, to determined inclination values.
    The transmitted / received signals may also contain instructions for setting or modifying the programming of the control unit 5. It may also be instructions to retrieve all the navigation parameters stored in the memory of the control unit. control unit 5. In each of these cases, the instructions are preferably issued from an external portable control device, such as a smartphone or a laptop for example.
    The transmitted / received signals can still contain all the navigation parameters stored in the control unit memory 5
    To electrically power the electronic control unit 5 and, if appropriate, the actuator 4 and / or the sensors 30, 31, 32 and / or the transmission / reception module 9 when they are electrically operated, a hydroelectric turbine 6 is installed in Hydrofoil H.
    In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 6, the hydroelectric turbine 6 is housed in a housing 60 arranged at the intersection of the leg 1 and the carrier plane 2. This housing 60 is located at the lower end 11 of the leg 1. It is horizontal, parallel to the direction of movement of the hydrofoil H or the boat, and extends substantially over the entire width of the leg 1, from the leading edge 12 to the trailing edge 13. It has a tubular or frustoconical shape and is opening at each of its ends. Its outer diameter is for example between 10 cm and 40 cm and its internal diameter of between 5 cm and 35 cm.
    The housing 60 is made of the same material as the leg 1 and / or the support section 200. It can be attached by gluing, welding or screwing on the leg 1. In this case, the support section 200 is also attached by gluing. , welding or screwing on both sides of the housing 60.
    In Figure 5, the turbine 6 comprises a propeller 61 installed inside the housing 60. This propeller 61 is rotated about a horizontal axis 62 parallel to the direction of movement of the hydrofoil H or the boat, by the relative flow of water induced by the displacement of said hydrofoil or said boat. The propeller 61 is secured to a support shaft 63 coaxial with the axis 62. This shaft 63 is coupled to an alternator 64 which delivers an electric current. In this way, the turbine 6 converts the mechanical energy of the blades of the propeller 61 into electrical energy.
    The electric current delivered by the alternator 64 can be used directly to supply the control unit 5 and, if necessary, the actuator 4 and / or the sensors 30, 31, 32 and / or the transmission / reception module 9 However, to ensure a buffer reserve ensuring the operation of hydrofoil H irrespective of the speed of the boat, the turbine 6 preferably supplies an electric battery 7 in which the electrical energy produced is stored.
    By "battery" is meant within the meaning of the invention any device adapted to store an electrical charge: lithium battery, capacitor, supercapacitor, etc. For example, a battery marketed by the company Kokam under the reference K720 is used.
    The battery 7 is installed in the housing 100 at the same time as the other elements. It is connected on the one hand to the alternator 62 and on the other hand to the control unit 6, which unit is adapted to regulate and / or rectify the current produced and to manage the supply of the various elements to which said unit is connected.
    To simplify the installation in the housing 100, on the one hand the turbine 6, and on the other hand the actuator 4 and the various elements 30, 31, 32, 5, 6, 7, 9 constituting the device of stabilization, it is preferable that the leg 1, the support section 200 and the housing 60 are in the form of two hollow molded parts, these parts being symmetrical with respect to the sagittal plane of the hydrofoil H, which plane form joint plane . After the installation of the aforementioned elements, the two parts are fixed to each other by gluing, welding or screwing. To further simplify the assembly of the hydrofoil, in the case where the molded parts are made based on impregnated fibers laminated around a heart of soft material (foam or wood), housing dedicated to each of the aforementioned elements are preferentially made in said heart.
    In use, the hydrofoil H object of the invention is installed on a boat so as to be completely immersed. In the embodiment of Figures 7 to 9, the boat B is a multihull, and is more particularly in the form of a racing catamaran.
    It is formed of two hulls 80a, 80b, or floats, which ensure the buoyancy of the boat. These two shells 80a, 80b are parallel to each other and are connected by a front cross member 82 and a rear cross member 83, which cross members are parallel to each other, arranged perpendicularly audited shells and secured to the latter.
    A rigid or flexible structure (of thread type for example), forming a bridge, is arranged in the zone delimited by the shells 80a, 80b and the crosspieces 82, 83.
    A mast 81, fixed on the front cross member 82, is adapted to support a sail, the boat B is thus moved by a sailing force.
    The control of the direction is classic. In FIG. 9, a rudder 850 is coupled to a coupling rod 851, which bar is itself connected to articulation pivots 852a, 852b via tiller rods 853a, 853b. The hinge pivots 852a, 852b are pivotally mounted at the rear of the hulls 80a, 80b by means of a bracket 854a, 854b. This steering system makes it possible to transmit the movement of the rudder 850 to the pivot pivots 852a, 852b.
    Each shell 80a, 80b is associated with a hydrofoil Had, Hbd forming drift and another hydrofoil Has, Hbs forming saffron. These hydrofoils are those described above with reference to Figures 1 to 6. The leg hydrofoils Had, Hbd forming drift can withstand the drift of the boat due to the force veil. The legs of hydrofoils Has, Hbs forming saffron are part of the steering system and allows to divert the flow of water under the shell 80a, 80b with which they are respectively associated, so that the boat B changes direction.
    The hydrofoils Had, Hbd forming a drift can be fixed by gluing, welding or face, directly on the hulls 80a, 80b. Preferably, they replace the existing drifts, and lodge in the corresponding drift wells.
    The hydrofoils Has, Hbs forming saffron are advantageously mounted in the pivot pivots 852a, 852b. They preferentially replace existing rudders. The installation of the various hydrofoils is therefore carried out very simply and very quickly, only a "mechanical" connection of the hydrofoils to the boat B to be ensured.
    The respective carrier planes of hydrofoils Had, Hbd, Has, Hbs are not necessarily identical. In particular, the planes carrying the hydrofoils Had, Hbd forming drift (at the front of the boat) do not necessarily have the same bearing surface as those hydrofoils Has, Hbs forming saffron (at the rear of the boat).
    For example, in a so-called "conventional" arrangement, the front bearing surface is greater than the rear bearing surface. In a so-called "tandem" arrangement (FIGS. 7 to 9), the bearing surfaces are the same at the front and at the rear of the boat. In a so-called "duck" arrangement, the front bearing surface is smaller than the rear bearing surface.
    The choice of the layout depends on the configuration of the boat, the type of navigation (sport, pleasure, ...), and the conditions of navigation.
    Each hydrofoil Had, Hbd, Has, Hbs integrates a transmission / reception module, respectively 9ad, 9bd, 9as, 9bs wireless adapted to transmit and receive signals, so that said hydrofoils are adapted to communicate with each other by the intermediate of a wireless link. More generally, the drifting hydrofoils Had, Hbd communicate with the hydrofoils Has, Hbs forming saffron. These transmit / receive modules 9ad, 9bd, 9as, 9bs are identical to the module 9 described above. Prior addressing makes it possible to associate each module 9ad, 9bd, 9as, 9bs with an address of its own. Each signal transmitted by a transmission / reception module 9ad, 9bd, 9as, 9bs, integrates the address of the other module or modules to which the signal is intended.
    As already described above, in response to the reception of the signals transmitted by the sensor system with which it is associated, each control unit 5ad, 5bd, 5as, 5bs can determine an inclination value of the carrier plane of the hydrofoil Had, Hbd, Has, Hbs in which it is integrated, and generate a control instruction corresponding to the determined inclination value. This control instruction is transmitted to the actuator to which the control unit Had, Hbd, Has, Hbs is connected, to adjust the inclination of the associated carrier plane.
    Thanks to the transmit / receive modules 9ad, 9bd, 9as, 9bs, the control command generated by a hydrofoil can be transmitted to another hydrofoil, and in particular to the hydrofoil associated with the same hull 80a, 80b.
    For example, the command instruction generated by the control unit 5ad integrated in the hydrofoil Had associated with the shell 80a, can be transmitted via the module 9ad, to the control unit 5as integrated in the hydrofoil Has associated to the same shell, which receives it via the module 9as.
    Likewise, the control instruction generated by the control unit 5bd integrated in the hydrofoil Hbd associated with the hull 80b can be transmitted to the module 9bs integrated in the hydrofoil Hbs associated with the same hull.
    Conversely, the command instruction generated by the control unit 5as can be transmitted to the module 9ad. And the command instruction generated by the control unit 5bs can be transmitted to the module 9bd. The control command generated by a hydrofoil can also be transmitted to another hydrofoil that is not associated with the same hull 80a, 80b as it.
    For example, the command instruction generated by the control unit 5ad integrated in the hydrofoil Had associated with the shell 80a can be transmitted to the 9bd module integrated in the hydrofoil Hbd associated with the other shell 80b. And the control instruction generated by the control unit 5as integrated into the hydrofoil Has associated with the shell 80a, can be transmitted to the 9bs module integrated in the hydrofoil Hbs associated with the other hull 80b.
    Conversely, the control command generated by the control unit 5bd integrated in the hydrofoil Hbd associated with the shell 80b, can be transmitted to the integrated module 9ad in the hydrofoil Had associated with the other shell 80a. And the control instruction generated by the control unit 5bs integrated in the hydrofoil Hbs associated with the shell 80b, can be transmitted to the module 9as integrated in the hydrofoil Has associated with the other shell 80a.
    In the case of a multihull vessel, the signal transmission / reception channel in which the control instructions are incorporated is not necessarily unidirectional (drift-> saffron or safran-> drift), but may be bidirectional ( drift <-> safran) or multidirectional so that each hydrofoil can communicate with only one hydrofoil or any other hydrofoils, even those that are not associated with the same hull as it.
    For example, the command instruction generated by the control unit 5ad integrated in the hydrofoil Had associated with the shell 80a can be transmitted simultaneously to the module 9bd integrated in the hydrofoil Hbd associated with the other shell 80b, at the 9bs module integrated in hydrofoil Hbs also associated with the other hull 80b and the module 9as integrated into the hydrofoil Has associated with the same hull 80a.
    In another example, the command instruction is transmitted step by step, the transmit / receive modules 9ad, 9bd, 9as, 9bs functioning as repeaters.
    For example, the control instruction generated by the control unit 5ad integrated in the hydrofoil Had associated with the shell 80a is first transmitted to the module 9as integrated into the hydrofoil Has associated with the same shell 80a. The module 9as then retransmits this instruction to the 9bs module integrated in the hydrofoil Hbs associated with the other hull 80b, which module 9bs in turn retransmits the instruction to the module 9bb integrated in the hydrofoil Hbd also associated with the hull 80b.
    When a second transmission / reception module, for example 9as, receives a command command issued by a first module, for example 9ad, this instruction is transmitted to the electronic control unit 5as which is connected to said second module. This control unit 5as is adapted to determine an inclination value of the carrier plane of the hydrofoil Has to which said unit is associated. The algorithm for determining this inclination value takes into account the instruction received by the control unit 5as. It can also take into account the signals emitted by the sensor system of the hydrofoil Has.
    In the latter case, the control unit 5as processes two types of information: the information contained in the instruction it receives from the module 9as and the information contained in the signals emitted by the sensor system of the hydrofoil Has. Since this information may be antagonistic, the algorithm for determining the inclination value may assign them a priority order so as to favor one with respect to the other.
    When the inclination value is determined, the control unit 5as generates a command instruction corresponding to this value. This instruction is then transmitted to the actuator of the hydrofoil Has to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane of this hydrofoil.
    Ensuring communication between the hydrofoils Had, Hbd, Has, Hbs improves the stability of the boat B and optimizes reaction times. Indeed, hydrofoils Had, Hbd, Has, Hbs can now synchronize to achieve the same goal.
    One objective may be to maintain all hydrofoils Had, Hbd, Has, Hbs at a predetermined immersion height. When the boat B starts to move, and so that it lifts more quickly, the control units 5ad, 5bd, 5as, 5bs can synchronize so that the fins of the hydrofoils before Had, Hbd are more inclined downwards than the fins of the rear hydrofoils Has, Hbs. If the immersion depth of the hydrofoils Had, Hbd, Has, Hbs exceeds the predetermined reference value, the control units 5ad, 5bd, 5as, 5bs can still be synchronized so that the fins of the rear hydrofoils Has, Hbs are more inclined. upwards than the fins of hydrofoils before Had, Hbd so that boat B does not sting abruptly of the nose.
    To regulate the roll, the control units 5ad, 5bd, 5as, 5bs can synchronize not only to play on the asymmetry of the fins of each hydrofoil Had, Hbd, Has, Hbs, but also to play on the asymmetry of the bearing force. global induced by the hydrofoils starboard Hbd, Hbs and the overall bearing strength induced by the hydrofoils port Had, Has.
    To set the pitch, the control units 5ad, 5bd, 5as, 5bs can synchronize to play on the dissymmetry of the overall load-bearing force induced by the hydrofoils before Had, Hbd and the overall bearing capacity induced by the rear hydrofoils Has, hBs. The arrangement of the various elements and / or means and / or steps of the invention, in the embodiments described above, should not be understood as requiring such an arrangement in all implementations. In any case, it will be understood that various modifications may be made to these elements and / or means and / or steps, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In particular: - In use, that is to say when it is associated with the hull of a boat, the strut 1 is located in a vertical plane and the support section 2 in a horizontal plane. The leg 1 may be strictly vertical or substantially vertical, that is to say slightly inclined a few degrees forward or rearward of the boat. In the latter case, at rest, the inclination of the carrier plane 2 is such that it remains in a horizontal plane to reduce drag. - The carrier plane 2 may have a biconvex profile asymmetrical, plano-convex, hollow, etc.. - The trailing edge 23 may consist of a single adjustable tilt flap. In this case, the actuator 4 is coupled to a single rod 41. - The housing 100 may have a square section, rectangular, lenticular, etc. - Each rod 41 may be in the form of a rack meshing with a toothed gear integral with the corresponding fin 23. - The carrier plane 2 can be in one piece, without moving wing. In this case, it is the entire bearing plane 2 which is rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis, the actuator 4 being coupled to said bearing plane so as to adjust its inclination. - The housing 60 can be installed above the intersection of the leg 1 and the carrier plane 2 or below said carrier plane, or be integrated in the carrier section 200. It can also provide two or more hydroelectric turbines each housed in a housing integrated in the support section 200, these housings being arranged symmetrically with respect to the leg 1. - The boat B is not necessarily propelled by a veil force, it can be powered by motor. - The number of hydrofoils equipping the boat B depends in particular on its mass and its structure. This number is generally between 1 and 4, although a higher number may be considered. - The boat B may comprise more or less than two hulls, and in particular be of the monohull type, or of the trimaran type. In the case of a monohull, the hull is associated with a drifting hydrofoil and another hydrofoil forming saffron. In the case of a trimaran, only the central hull, or on the contrary each hull, can be associated with a hydrofoil forming drift and another hydrofoil forming saffron.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    claims
    1. Inverted T-shaped supporting wing adapted for installation on a boat, which supporting wing (H) comprises: - a strut (1), - a carrying plane (2) attached to the strut (1) and whose inclination is adjustable, characterized by the fact that: - a housing (100) is arranged in the strut (1), - a sensor system (30, 31, 32) is installed on the outer wall of the strut (1) and / or in the housing (100), which sensor system is adapted to determine at least one movement of the airfoil (H), - the housing (100) of the strut (1) integrates: o an actuator (4) adapted to adjust the inclination of the carrier plane (2), o a control unit (5) adapted to control the actuator and vary the inclination of the carrier plane (2) according to the movement of the airfoil (H) determined by the sensor system (30,31,32), - the electronic control unit (5) and / or the actuator r (4) and / or the sensor system (30, 31, 32) are electrically operated, their power supply being provided by a hydroelectric turbine (6) installed in the airfoil (H).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Supporting wing according to claim 1, wherein the hydroelectric turbine (6) is housed in a housing (60) arranged at the intersection of the strut (1) and the carrier plane (2).
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP3168126B1|2018-05-09|Inverted t-shaped wing suitable for being installed on a boat
    EP3169581B1|2018-10-10|Motor boat with retractable foils
    EP1897799B1|2010-03-24|Device for dynamic stabilisation of an underwater vehicle
    WO2005054049A2|2005-06-16|Dynamic stabiliser for a boat, a force stabilising device for orienting sails and a semi-submersible boat
    FR2978726A1|2013-02-08|METHOD AND SYSTEM OF BUOY BUOY THAT CAN BE CONTROLLED
    EP3215416A1|2017-09-13|Retractable wing
    EP0694008B1|1997-01-02|Wind-propelled hydrofoil
    EP3212498B1|2019-01-09|Improvements to rotating machines with fluid rotor having adjustable blades
    EP0084995A1|1983-08-03|Propulsion system for sailing craft
    WO1997015490A1|1997-05-01|Boat powered by means of a kite via a hinged arm
    FR2978420A1|2013-02-01|Method for driving e.g. catamaran, involves taking sum of moments of aerodynamic, hydrodynamic and hydrostatic forces with respect to support point to be zero in absence of angular acceleration around longitudinal axis of hull
    FR2627449A1|1989-08-25|SAILBOAT WITH A LIFT AND ANTI-GITE DEVICE
    FR3029497A1|2016-06-10|SAILBOAT WITH IMPROVED STABILIZATION APPARATUS
    WO2018229356A1|2018-12-20|Vessel with high-stability hydrofoils
    WO2018127631A1|2018-07-12|Mechanism for actuating and adjusting a foil of a boat with four degrees of freedom
    WO2018229351A1|2018-12-20|Vessel with high-stability hydrofoils
    FR2607557A1|1988-06-03|Device actuating moving bodies using wind energy
    FR2529854A1|1984-01-13|Stabilisation and buoyancy device for a boat.
    FR2972172A1|2012-09-07|Boat i.e. multihull hydrofoil sailing catamaran, has carrying surface formed such that average inclination angles of immersed portion of surface increase when hover height is increased from zero hover height to intermediate hover height
    FR2652056A1|1991-03-22|Support device for hydrofoils
    WO2018229420A1|2018-12-20|Vessel with high-stability hydrofoils
    FR3080362A1|2019-10-25|IMPROVED FIXED SAIL DRONE, CONTROL AND LANDING METHOD
    WO2018229352A1|2018-12-20|High stability foil watercraft
    WO2018229355A1|2018-12-20|High stability foil watercraft
    WO2018229354A1|2018-12-20|Vessel with high-stability hydrofoils
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3168126A1|2017-05-17|
    EP3168126B1|2018-05-09|
    FR3043644B1|2017-12-01|
    ES2683251T3|2018-09-25|
    DK3168126T3|2018-08-13|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPH07205891A|1994-01-18|1995-08-08|Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd|Motion controlling actuator for navigating body|
    FR2862602A1|2003-11-24|2005-05-27|Gerard Roger Aldin|Sailing ship for yachting, has streamlined immersed floater that is fully immersed in water and supports platform through pylon carriers, and auxiliary floater that touches water when ship is at halt or travels at slow speed|
    FR1373041A|1963-06-19|1964-09-25|United Aircraft Corp|Hydrofoil control|
    FR2587967A1|1985-09-30|1987-04-03|Lecozannet Jean Pierre|Controlled-submersion foil|WO2020176033A1|2019-02-28|2020-09-03|Stenius Ivan|A hydrofoil system|
    US20210323637A1|2020-04-16|2021-10-21|MHL Custom, Inc.|Foiling watercraft|
    WO2022010402A1|2020-07-06|2022-01-13|Candela Speed Boat Ab|A hydrofoil boat|
    法律状态:
    2016-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-05-19| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170519 |
    2017-05-19| EXTE| Extension to a french territory|Extension state: PF |
    2017-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1560951A|FR3043644B1|2015-11-16|2015-11-16|INVERSE T-SHAPED WING FIT SUITABLE TO BE INSTALLED ON A BOAT|FR1560951A| FR3043644B1|2015-11-16|2015-11-16|INVERSE T-SHAPED WING FIT SUITABLE TO BE INSTALLED ON A BOAT|
    DK16198824.1T| DK3168126T3|2015-11-16|2016-11-15|BEARINGS IN THE FORM OF A REVERSE T ADAPTED TO BE INSTALLED ON A BOAT|
    EP16198824.1A| EP3168126B1|2015-11-16|2016-11-15|Inverted t-shaped wing suitable for being installed on a boat|
    ES16198824.1T| ES2683251T3|2015-11-16|2016-11-15|Inverted T-shaped hydroalta adapted to be installed on a ship|
    [返回顶部]